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Abstract

Introduction: Iron-deficiency anemia in children is prevalent in communities with economic and nutritional deficiencies. Objective: To describe the level of knowledge and practices regarding the prevention of iron-deficiency anemia among mothers enrolled in the National Program Cuna Más in the district of Bagua, Amazonas, Peru. Methodology: Quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 97 mothers. For data collection, the “Maternal Knowledge to Prevent Anemia” questionnaire (α = 0.702) and the “Practices on Anemia Prevention” questionnaire (α = 0.860) were used. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted according to the nature of the variables, using frequencies, percentages, and Chi-square test (X²). The analysis was performed using R statistical software v3.2. The study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of the National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, with Letter No. 024 and record CIEI No. 024. Results: The sample consisted of 97 participants, with a predominance of mothers aged 21 to 30 years (57.73%; n = 56). A total of 45.36% (n = 44) had a high level of knowledge regarding appropriate practices; however, no significant relationship was found between the two variables (p = 0.3751 > 0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that there is no significant relationship between knowledge and practices related to iron-deficiency anemia among the mothers. Further research is needed to explore preventive practices for anemia, enabling more comprehensive monitoring and follow-up of mothers in their daily environment.