Índices gonadales y moleculares en el erizo de mar Lytechinus variegatus (Echinoidea: Toxopneustidae) del Golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2023.58.2.4212Palabras clave:
Crecimiento somático, índice ARN:ADN, índice gonadosomático, desove, surgencia, estratificación, echinoideosResumen
La extracción activa del erizo de mar Lytechinus variegatus en el noreste de Venezuela podría conllevar a una reducción de su densidad poblacional. Por consiguiente, el conocimiento sobre el crecimiento somático y la producción gonadal es de importancia para la explotación racional y el manejo sustentable de sus poblaciones. Durante un ciclo anual, este estudio examinó la biología reproductiva e índices moleculares de crecimiento (ARN:ADN y Proteína:ADN) de una población del erizo L. variegatus en el Golfo de Cariaco (Venezuela); un ecosistema marino regulado por las temporadas de estratificación y surgencia costera. La población de erizos de mar presentó tallas homogéneas, con incrementos significativos en la masa fresca total (MF) y el índice gonadosomático (IG) durante la estratificación. Se obtuvieron modelos de regresión significativos durante los periodos de surgencia y estratificación, particularmente entre la MF en relación con las dimensiones de la testa y linterna de Aristóteles. El desarrollo gonadal fue continuo, mostrando desoves parciales durante el período de surgencia. El cociente ARN:ADN incrementó durante la temporada de estratificación, no así el cociente Proteína:ADN. El Análisis de Componentes Principales indicó asociación entre los índices moleculares de crecimiento con el seston, contrariamente a la biomasa fitoplanctónica, y la temperatura superficial del agua. El ciclo reproductivo del L. variegatus presentó un patrón estacional asociado a la temperatura y productividad primaria; desova activamente durante la temporada de surgencia, y la gametogénesis se potencia durante la estratificación, cuando son mayores los procesos metabólicos.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Édgar Zapata-Vívenes, Jeny Reyes-Luján, Saúl Ochoa, Dwight Arrieche, César Lodeiros
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